Icosapentaenoic acid: Triglyceride Lowering, Cardiovascular Outcomes, Dosing, and Risks
Icosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is a long-chain omega-3 fatty acid best known for heart health. In food, it is found in marine sources like salmon,...
Idarubicin: Clinical Uses, Recommended Dose, Monitoring, and Cardiotoxicity
Idarubicin is an anthracycline chemotherapy medicine used primarily to induce remission in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It is related to doxorubicin and daunorubicin but...
Idebenone: Evidence-Based Benefits, Properties, Proper Use, and Risk Profile
Idebenone is a synthetic analog of coenzyme Q10 designed to support mitochondria—the tiny “power plants” inside cells. Unlike coenzyme Q10, idebenone has a shorter...
Idelalisib: Uses, Mechanism, Clinical Benefits, Dosing, and Safety Monitoring
Idelalisib is an oral targeted therapy used for certain slow-growing B-cell cancers. It inhibits PI3K-delta, a signaling enzyme that helps malignant B cells survive,...
Idesia polycarpa extract: Evidence-Based Benefits, Forms, Suggested Dosage, and Risks
Idesia polycarpa is a deciduous tree native to East Asia whose vividly colored fruits yield an oil and extract rich in unsaturated fatty acids...
Idursulfase: Clinical Benefits, How It Works, Dosing, and Safety Explained
Idursulfase is an enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for Hunter syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type II, MPS II). In people with MPS II, the enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase is...
Ifosfamide: Cancer Treatment Benefits, How It Works, Dosing Schedules, and Safety
Ifosfamide is a prescription chemotherapy medicine used to treat several solid tumors and lymphomas. It belongs to the oxazaphosphorine class of alkylating agents and...
Ilex aquifolium: Antioxidant Properties, Practical Uses, Dosage Advice, and Safety Risks
Ilex aquifolium—better known as European holly—is an evergreen shrub with glossy, spined leaves and bright red berries. Beyond its iconic winter look, the plant’s...
Ilex cornuta: Evidence-Based Benefits, How to Use the Leaf, Recommended Dosage, and Side Effects
Ilex cornuta—better known as Chinese holly—is an evergreen shrub prized for glossy leaves and bright red berries. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the dried...
Ilex guayusa: Energy, Antioxidants, Uses, Dosage Guidelines, and Safety Tips
Ilex guayusa (pronounced “gwhy-OO-sah”) is an Amazonian holly traditionally brewed as a bright, earthy tea. It naturally contains caffeine along with chlorogenic acids, quercetin...
Ilex kudingcha: Cholesterol Support, Brewing Methods, Optimal Dosage, and Side Effects
Kudingcha made from Ilex kudingcha (a broad-leaf holly) is a boldly bitter, caffeine-light tea used in parts of China for everyday wellness. The leaves...
Ilex latifolia: Cholesterol and Weight Support, Brewing Guide, Recommended Dosage, and Side Effects
Ilex latifolia—often sold as “large-leaf kuding tea”—is a bitter, caffeine-light holly used as a daily wellness beverage across parts of East Asia. Its leaves...
Ilex paraguariensis: Cardiometabolic Benefits, Evidence, Daily Use, Dosage, and Side Effects
Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is the backbone of a social ritual across Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and southern Brazil—yet its appeal now extends far beyond...
Ilex pubescens: Cardiovascular Benefits, Evidence-Based Uses, Dosage Guidelines, and Safety Considerations
Ilex pubescens—often called Mao Dong Qing or pubescent holly—is a traditional East Asian medicinal plant used for circulatory and cerebrovascular concerns. Modern lab and...
Ilex vomitoria: Yaupon Tea Benefits, Preparation Methods, Daily Dosage, and Side Effects
Ilex vomitoria—better known as yaupon holly—is the only caffeine-bearing plant native to North America that’s still commonly brewed as tea. Traditionally prepared as the...
Illicium verum: Star Anise Benefits, Uses in Cooking and Tea, Dosage, and Side Effects
Star anise (Illicium verum) is the star-shaped fruit of an evergreen tree native to southern China and Vietnam. In the kitchen, it lends warm...