24-Hour Urine Albumin Test: Albuminuria, Kidney Disease, and Collection Meaning
A 24-hour urine albumin test measures how much albumin leaves the body in urine over a full day. Albumin is a blood protein that...
24-Hour Urine Protein Test: Proteinuria, Kidney Damage, Collection, and Results
A 24-hour urine protein test measures the total amount of protein lost in urine during one complete day. Healthy kidneys keep most blood proteins...
Albuminuria Test: Normal, Moderately Increased, Severely Increased, and Kidney Risk
An albuminuria test checks whether albumin, a major blood protein, is leaking into urine. Persistent albuminuria is one of the most important markers of...
Alpha-1 Microglobulin Urine Test: Tubular Proteinuria and Kidney Tubule Injury
An alpha-1 microglobulin urine test measures a low-molecular-weight protein that can reveal problems with the kidney’s proximal tubules. Alpha-1 microglobulin is small enough to...
Bence Jones Protein Urine Test: Light Chains, Multiple Myeloma, and Kidney Risk
A Bence Jones protein urine test looks for monoclonal immunoglobulin free light chains—either kappa or lambda—that are produced by an abnormal clone of plasma...
Beta-2 Microglobulin Urine Test: Kidney Tubule Damage and Tubular Proteinuria
A beta-2 microglobulin urine test is a specialized marker of proximal kidney tubule function. Beta-2 microglobulin is a small protein released from the surface...
Diabetic Kidney Disease Urine Test Panel: uACR, Protein, Creatinine, and Albuminuria
A diabetic kidney disease urine evaluation centers on the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR), which detects albumin leakage and corrects the result for urine concentration....
Microalbumin-Creatinine Ratio Test: Early Kidney Disease, Diabetes, and High Blood Pressure
A microalbumin-creatinine ratio test measures a small amount of albumin in urine and compares it with urine creatinine. The modern name is urine albumin-to-creatinine...
Nephrotic Syndrome Urine Test Panel: Protein, Albumin, Casts, and Kidney Findings
A nephrotic syndrome urine evaluation looks for very heavy protein loss and for urine findings that support a glomerular kidney disorder. The key measurement...
Nephrotic-Range Proteinuria Test: Very High Urine Protein and Nephrotic Syndrome
Nephrotic-range proteinuria means the kidneys are losing a very large amount of protein into the urine. In adults, this generally means more than about...
Orthostatic Proteinuria Test: Standing Protein Levels, Benign Proteinuria, and Diagnosis
Orthostatic proteinuria is a pattern in which urine protein rises while a person is upright during the day but returns to normal after lying...
Proteinuria Test: Causes, Kidney Disease, Normal Range, and When to Worry
A proteinuria test checks whether an abnormal amount of protein is passing into urine. Healthy kidneys keep most blood proteins in the circulation, so...
Retinol-Binding Protein Urine Test: Kidney Tubule Injury and Low-Molecular-Weight Proteinuria
A urinary retinol-binding protein test measures retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), a small protein that is normally filtered by the kidneys and then almost completely...
Spot Urine Albumin Test: High Albumin, Kidney Damage, and Early CKD
A spot urine albumin test checks how much albumin is present in a single urine sample. Albumin is a major blood protein that healthy...
Spot Urine Protein Test: High Protein, Proteinuria Screening, and Kidney Disease
A spot urine protein test measures protein in a single urine sample and is commonly used to screen for or monitor proteinuria. The most...
Tubular Proteinuria Test: Low-Molecular-Weight Proteins and Kidney Tubule Damage
Tubular proteinuria occurs when the kidney’s proximal tubules fail to reabsorb small proteins that normally pass through the glomerular filter and are almost completely...