Evidence-Based Supplement & Herb Guides

Hormone-Based Rejuvenation: Klotho, FGF21, and GDF11 Candidates

Explore Klotho, FGF21, and GDF11 as hormone-based rejuvenation candidates, including mechanisms, evidence, risks, trial signals, and healthspan context.

Hormone-based rejuvenation looks at signals the body already uses to coordinate repair, metabolism, inflammation, tissue maintenance, and brain function. Klotho, FGF21, and GDF11 stand...

Metformin for Healthy Aging: What the Trials Show and Do Not

Metformin has real metabolic benefits but remains unproven as a healthy-aging drug. Learn what trials show, where evidence is weak, and who needs caution.

Metformin sits in an unusual place in longevity science. It is an old, inexpensive diabetes drug with decades of clinical use, strong effects on...

Microbiome Therapeutics for Healthy Aging: Consortia, FMT, and Postbiotics

Microbiome therapeutics for healthy aging show promise, but evidence is strongest for recurrent C. difficile. Learn how FMT, defined consortia, live biotherapeutics, and postbiotics compare for safety, mechanisms, and longevity potential.

The gut microbiome changes with age, but it does not age in one simple direction. Some people reach very old age with diverse, resilient...

Mitochondrial Therapies for Longevity: Elamipretide and mtDNA Editing

Learn how elamipretide and mtDNA editing target mitochondrial dysfunction, what human evidence shows, and why these therapies are promising but not proven for longevity.

Mitochondria sit close to the center of longevity science because they help turn food and oxygen into usable energy, shape inflammation signals, influence cell...

Neuroprotective Emerging Therapies: From Senolytics to ISR Modulators

Explore emerging neuroprotective therapies for brain aging, including senolytics, senomorphics, ISR modulators, mitochondrial targets, biomarkers, risks, and realistic timelines.

Brain aging is no longer viewed as one slow, inevitable slide. Researchers now study it as a set of biological stress patterns that include...

Partial Cellular Reprogramming for Longevity: OSK and Safety Considerations

Learn how partial cellular reprogramming uses OSK factors, what early longevity research shows, and why safety, cancer risk, delivery control, and human trials matter.

Partial cellular reprogramming is one of the most ambitious ideas in longevity science: push older cells toward a younger molecular state without turning them...

Plasma-Based Therapies: Therapeutic Exchange and Young Factors

Plasma-based longevity therapies are promising but experimental. Learn how therapeutic plasma exchange, plasma dilution, and young factors work, what human studies show, and why safety matters.

Plasma-based longevity therapies sit at the edge of medicine, aging biology, and commercial hype. Blood plasma carries thousands of proteins, antibodies, clotting factors, hormones,...

Rapamycin and Rapalogs for Longevity: Evidence, Dosing Models, and Risks

Rapamycin and paralogs target mTOR, a major aging pathway. Learn what animal and human studies show, how dosing models differ, and which risks need monitoring.

Rapamycin has become one of the most discussed drugs in longevity science because it acts on mTOR, a growth-and-repair pathway tied to nutrient sensing,...

Senescence-Targeted Immunotherapy: Vaccines and CAR-T Approaches

Senescence-targeted immunotherapy uses vaccines and CAR-T cells to clear harmful senescent cells. Learn what animal studies show, why targets like GPNMB and uPAR matter, and what safety questions remain.

Senescence-targeted immunotherapy uses the immune system to find and remove senescent cells, a class of stressed cells linked to aging, chronic inflammation, fibrosis, metabolic...

Senolytics for Healthy Aging: Dasatinib plus Quercetin and Next-Gen Agents

Senolytics target senescent cells linked to aging, inflammation, and chronic disease. Learn what dasatinib plus quercetin studies show, where fisetin and next-gen agents fit, and why safety evidence still matters.

Senolytics are drugs or compounds designed to remove senescent cells: damaged cells that have stopped dividing but still release inflammatory signals. These cells help...

Senomorphic Strategies: Taming the SASP without Killing Cells

Senomorphic strategies aim to reduce harmful SASP signaling from senescent cells without killing them. Learn how they differ from senolytics, which pathways matter, and why clinical use still requires caution.

Senomorphic strategies aim to quiet the harmful signals released by senescent cells while leaving the cells alive. That makes them different from senolytics, which...

Telomerase Gene Therapy for Healthy Aging: Where the Science Stands

Telomerase gene therapy shows promise in animal aging studies and rare telomere disorders, but healthy-aging use remains unproven. Learn the science, risks, and evidence gaps.

Telomerase gene therapy sits at the edge of longevity science: biologically plausible, powerful in animal models, and still far from proven as a healthy-aging...

Thymus Regeneration and Immune Rejuvenation: TRIIM and Beyond

Learn how thymus regeneration, TRIIM, TRIIM-X, and emerging immune rejuvenation strategies aim to restore T-cell function, with evidence, risks, and practical limits explained.

The thymus is small, easy to overlook, and central to one of aging’s biggest immune problems: the loss of fresh, flexible T cells. It...

Autophagy Made Simple for Healthy Aging

Autophagy supports healthy aging through cellular cleanup, mitochondrial renewal, exercise, meal timing, mTOR, AMPK, sleep, and recovery. Learn safe, practical ways to support it.

Autophagy is the cell’s cleanup and recycling system. It helps break down worn-out proteins, damaged cell parts, and stressed mitochondria so the body can...

Build Your Hormesis Plan for Longevity: Simple, Safe, Repeatable

Build a safe hormesis plan for longevity using exercise, heat, cold, meal timing, and recovery. Learn simple doses, weekly structure, safety rules, and tracking tips.

Hormesis is the useful stress your body adapts to after the challenge ends. A brisk walk up a hill, a hard set of squats,...

Cellular Energy and NAD in Healthy Aging: What Influences It (No Supplements)

Learn how NAD, mitochondria, sleep, movement, nutrition, inflammation, and recovery shape cellular energy in healthy aging without relying on supplements.

Cellular energy changes with age, but it does not fall because the body “runs out of energy” in one simple way. The shift happens...

Cellular Senescence Basics for Longevity: SASP, Stress, and Context

Learn how cellular senescence affects longevity, why SASP matters, which stress signals drive senescent cells, and how daily habits support healthier cellular aging.

Cellular senescence is one of the body’s built-in safety programs. When a cell has too much damage, cancer-like signaling, or repeated stress, it can...

Cold Acclimation Without the Shock: Gradual Approaches That Stick

Build cold acclimation gradually with cool showers, cold air, safe dosing, breathing control, and recovery tracking so cold exposure becomes repeatable without shock.

Cold acclimation works best when the nervous system learns that cold is a manageable signal, not an emergency. A sudden ice plunge forces a...

Cold Exposure for Healthy Aging: Benefits, Myths, and Safety

Cold exposure for healthy aging offers stress resilience, mood, recovery, and metabolic benefits when dosed safely. Learn the myths, risks, timing, and beginner-friendly ways to start.

Cold exposure has a strong appeal because the effect is immediate: sharper breathing, faster alertness, and a clear sense that the body has been...

Contrast Therapy for Longevity: Hot and Cold, What to Expect

Contrast therapy for longevity uses sauna, heat, cold plunges, and cool showers to build resilience. Learn benefits, risks, protocols, timing, and safety tips.

Contrast therapy uses repeated heat and cold exposure to create short, controlled stress. A sauna, steam room, hot bath, cold plunge, cold shower, or...