Evidence-Based Supplement & Herb Guides

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD): Overview, Symptoms, Causes, and Complications

Clear overview of seasonal affective disorder, including winter and summer patterns, symptoms, diagnostic context, likely causes, risk factors, and complications that may require urgent evaluation.

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a recurring pattern of depression linked to changes in season. It most often appears in late fall or winter...

Schizotypal Personality Disorder Signs, Causes, and Related Conditions

Schizotypal personality disorder involves long-standing social discomfort, unusual beliefs, suspiciousness, eccentric behavior, and perceptual distortions. Learn the key signs, risk factors, diagnostic context, similar conditions, and complications that may require urgent evaluation.

Schizotypal personality disorder is a mental health condition marked by long-standing patterns of social discomfort, unusual thinking or perception, eccentric behavior, and difficulty forming...

Schizophrenia in Adults: Overview, Symptoms, Course, and Risk Factors

Schizophrenia is a complex psychotic disorder involving hallucinations, delusions, negative symptoms, cognitive changes, and functional impairment. Learn how symptoms, causes, risk factors, diagnostic context, and complications are understood.

Schizophrenia is a serious psychiatric condition that affects how a person experiences reality, organizes thoughts, expresses emotion, and functions in daily life. It is...

Schizoid personality disorder Overview, Symptoms, and Safety Concerns

A clear guide to schizoid personality disorder, including its main symptoms, signs, causes, risk factors, diagnostic context, related conditions, and possible complications.

Schizoid personality disorder is a long-term pattern of social detachment, limited emotional expression, and low interest in close relationships. A person with this condition...

Schizoaffective Disorder Explained: Key Symptoms, Types, and Signs

Understand schizoaffective disorder symptoms, signs, causes, risk factors, diagnostic context, related conditions, complications, and urgent warning signs in clear, practical language.

Schizoaffective disorder is a serious mental health condition in which symptoms of psychosis occur alongside major mood symptoms. In plain terms, it can involve...

Sadistic personality disorder Explained: Traits, Risks, and Effects

Sadistic personality disorder is a historical, non-current diagnosis describing persistent cruelty, domination, humiliation, and enjoyment of others’ distress. Learn how the term is understood today, what signs may appear, and when risk requires urgent evaluation.

Sadistic personality disorder is a historical and controversial term used to describe a long-standing pattern of cruelty, humiliation, intimidation, and enjoyment of another person’s...

Rumination Disorder in Children and Adults: Symptoms and Risks

Clear overview of rumination disorder, including post-meal regurgitation symptoms, signs, causes, risk factors, complications, and diagnostic context.

Rumination disorder is a feeding and eating condition in which recently swallowed food repeatedly comes back up into the mouth after eating. The food...

Risk-taking behavior disorder: Clinical Signs, Mental Health Links, and Complications

Learn what excessive risk-taking can mean in mental health, including symptoms, warning signs, possible causes, risk factors, diagnostic context, and serious complications.

Risk-taking becomes a mental health concern when it is repeated, unusually intense, poorly controlled, dangerous, or clearly out of step with a person’s usual...

Revenge obsession: Overview, Warning Signs, and Mental Health Context

Learn what revenge obsession can look like, how it differs from intrusive thoughts or rumination, what may cause it, and which warning signs may require urgent evaluation.

Revenge obsession is not a formal diagnosis by itself, but it can describe a serious pattern of repeated, hard-to-control thoughts, images, urges, or plans...

Rett Syndrome Overview: Early Signs, Genetics, and Risks

Rett syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder marked by regression of hand skills, speech, movement, and body-system function. Learn the signs, causes, genetic context, variants, complications, and when symptoms need urgent medical evaluation.

Rett syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental condition best known for a striking pattern: a child may appear to develop relatively typically at first, then...

Retrograde amnesia: Symptoms, Causes, Signs, Risk Factors, and Complications

A clear guide to retrograde amnesia, including how it differs from ordinary forgetfulness, common symptoms, possible neurological and psychological causes, risk factors, diagnostic context, red flags, and complications.

Retrograde amnesia is memory loss for information or events that happened before a brain injury, illness, psychological trauma, or another triggering event. It can...

Retroactive jealousy disorder: Signs, Risk Factors, and Related Mental Health Conditions

Learn what retroactive jealousy disorder means, how symptoms can appear, which related conditions may overlap, and when distress, control, or safety concerns need professional evaluation.

Retroactive jealousy disorder is a commonly used term for intense, recurring distress about a partner’s past romantic or sexual experiences. The phrase is not...

Retarded depression Overview: Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Diagnostic Context

Retarded depression is an older term for depression with psychomotor slowing. Learn what it means, how symptoms appear, what can cause it, and when signs may need urgent evaluation.

Retarded depression is an older clinical term that usually refers to depression with prominent psychomotor retardation: noticeable slowing of movement, speech, thinking, facial expression,...

Residual Schizophrenia Meaning, Symptoms, and Warning Signs

Residual schizophrenia is an older subtype term for persistent symptoms after active psychosis fades. Learn what it means today, how symptoms appear, and when evaluation is urgent.

Residual schizophrenia is an older diagnostic term for a phase or pattern of schizophrenia in which the most intense psychotic symptoms have faded, but...

Repressed memory disorder: Symptoms, risk factors, and when evaluation matters

Repressed memory disorder is a non-clinical term often used for trauma-related memory gaps. Learn how it relates to dissociative amnesia, symptoms, causes, risk factors, diagnostic context, and safety concerns.

Repressed memory disorder is not a formal diagnosis in the way that depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, or dissociative amnesia are diagnoses. The phrase is...

Repetitive behavior disorder Signs, Types, and Everyday Effects

Clear overview of repetitive behavior disorder, including symptoms, signs, common behavior patterns, possible causes, risk factors, diagnostic context, warning signs, and complications.

Repetitive behavior disorder is a broad phrase people may use when repeated movements, rituals, self-grooming behaviors, or urges become hard to stop, disruptive, distressing,...

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in Adults: Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Neurological Links

Learn what REM sleep behavior disorder is, how dream-enactment symptoms appear, what causes and risk factors are linked to RBD, and when medical evaluation matters.

REM sleep behavior disorder is a sleep condition in which the body does not stay normally still during rapid eye movement sleep. Instead of...

Religious delusion Explained: Symptoms, Causes, and Safety Concerns

Learn what religious delusion means, how it differs from faith, which symptoms and warning signs may appear, and when delusional religious beliefs need urgent evaluation.

A religious delusion is a fixed false belief with religious, spiritual, or supernatural content that is held with unusually strong certainty and is not...

Relationship obsessive-compulsive disorder Overview and Key Symptoms

Learn what relationship obsessive-compulsive disorder is, how ROCD symptoms differ from ordinary relationship doubts, and what causes, risk factors, diagnostic clues, and complications may be involved.

Relationship obsessive-compulsive disorder, often shortened to relationship OCD or ROCD, describes obsessive-compulsive symptoms that center on a romantic relationship, a partner’s qualities, or the...

Rejection sensitive dysphoria Explained: Symptoms, Causes, and Effects

Learn what rejection sensitive dysphoria means, how RSD episodes can feel, which symptoms and signs are common, why it may overlap with ADHD and trauma, and when urgent evaluation matters.

Rejection sensitive dysphoria is a term used to describe unusually intense emotional pain after real or perceived rejection, criticism, failure, exclusion, or disapproval. The...