V-pattern strabismus is an ocular condition defined by an abnormal eye movement pattern in which the angle of deviation varies depending on the direction of gaze. V-pattern strabismus causes the eyes to diverge (move outward) when looking up and...
Vitreous hemorrhage is an ocular condition in which blood leaks into the vitreous humor, a clear gel that fills the space between the lens and retina. This condition can severely impair vision, resulting in symptoms such as sudden vision...
Vitreous floaters are small, shadowy shapes that move across the visual field, frequently appearing as spots, threads, or cobweb-like formations. Tiny clumps of gel or cells inside the vitreous humor, the clear gel-like substance that fills the inside of...
Vitreous detachment, also known as posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), is an ocular condition in which the vitreous humor, or clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina, separates from the retina. This condition is common,...
What is vitreous degeneration?
Vitreous degeneration is a common age-related eye condition in which the vitreous humor, the gel-like substance that fills the eye between the lens and the retina, undergoes structural changes. This degeneration can cause the vitreous to...
Vitreous cysts are uncommon ocular conditions characterized by cystic formations in the vitreous humor, the clear gel that fills the eye between the lens and the retina. These cysts can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired through various...
Vitreous amyloidosis is a rare ocular condition in which amyloid proteins accumulate in the vitreous body, the clear gel that fills the space between the eye's lens and retina. Amyloidosis is a group of diseases in which abnormal protein...
Vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) is a rare and aggressive cancer that begins in the retina and vitreous, which is a gel-like substance that fills the eye. It is considered a subtype of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) due to...
Vitreopapillary traction (VPT) is an ocular condition in which the vitreous, the gel-like substance that fills the eye, causes abnormal traction on the optic disc, which is where the optic nerve enters the retina. This condition is a type...
Vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMT) is an ocular condition in which the vitreous, a gel-like substance that fills the eye, adheres abnormally to the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for detailed vision. As the vitreous ages, it...
What is Vitreomacular Adhesion?
Vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) is an ocular condition defined by the abnormal attachment of the vitreous gel to the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. The vitreous is a gel-like substance...
What is uveitis?
Uveitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the uvea, the middle layer of the eye that contains the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. This condition can cause swelling and damage to the eye tissues, resulting in pain,...
Uveitic macular edema (UME) is a complication of uveitis, an inflammatory condition that affects the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. UME primarily affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for detailed and sharp vision. When uveitis-related...
What is uveitic glaucoma?
Uveitic glaucoma is a complex and challenging type of secondary glaucoma caused by uveitis, an inflammatory condition that affects the uvea, which includes the eye's iris, ciliary body, and choroid. Uveitis can cause inflammation in various...
Uveal metastasis occurs when cancerous cells spread from a primary tumor site to the uveal tract of the eye, which includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. Unlike primary uveal melanoma, uveal metastasis is caused by cancers elsewhere in...
Uveal melanoma is a rare but serious type of eye cancer that starts in the uveal tract, which contains the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. This is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, and it develops from...
Uveal effusion syndrome is a rare and potentially blinding ocular condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the uveal tract, which includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. This fluid buildup can cause retinal detachment, resulting in...
What is Tuberculointerstitial Nephritis and Uveitis (TINU) Syndrome?
Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome is a rare autoimmune condition that causes inflammation in both the kidneys (tubulointerstitial nephritis) and the eyes (uveitis). Tinu syndrome, first described in 1975, primarily affects...
Tuberculosis (TB) of the eye, also known as ocular tuberculosis, is a rare form of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that affects primarily the lungs. Ocular tuberculosis can affect multiple parts of the eye, including the conjunctiva, cornea, sclera, uvea, retina,...
What is trichiasis?
Trichiasis is an eye condition characterized by abnormal inward growth of the eyelashes, causing them to rub against the cornea and conjunctiva. If not treated, this condition can cause significant discomfort, pain, and damage to the eye's...
Traumatic vitreous hemorrhage occurs when blood leaks into the vitreous humor of the eye, which is the clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina, as a result of ocular trauma. This type of hemorrhage...
What is traumatic uveitis?
Traumatic uveitis is an inflammation of the uveal tract of the eye, which includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid, caused by ocular trauma. This condition can result from blunt force, penetrating injuries, or chemical exposure,...
Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is a serious vision-threatening condition caused by optic nerve trauma. This injury can occur as a result of blunt force trauma, penetrating injuries, or indirect forces like rapid acceleration or deceleration. The optic nerve, which...
Traumatic iritis is an inflammatory condition of the iris, or colored part of the eye, caused by blunt or penetrating trauma. Traumatic iritis, as opposed to infectious or autoimmune iritis, is caused directly by physical injury. If not treated...
What is traumatic glaucoma?
Traumatic glaucoma is a type of secondary glaucoma that develops after an eye injury. This condition can result from blunt trauma, penetrating injuries, or chemical burns that damage the ocular structures, causing elevated intraocular pressure (IOP)....
Traumatic endophthalmitis is a serious and vision-threatening ocular condition caused by the introduction of infectious agents into the eye after a penetrating injury. This condition is characterized by inflammation of the intraocular tissues, particularly the vitreous and aqueous humors....
Traumatic cataract is an ocular condition in which the crystalline lens of the eye becomes opaque as a result of an injury. Unlike age-related cataracts, which form gradually over time, traumatic cataracts can form quickly after a direct impact,...
The bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis causes trachoma, a highly contagious ocular condition. It is the most common infectious cause of blindness worldwide, primarily affecting impoverished communities in developing countries. The disease spreads directly through infected individuals' eye discharge, as well...
What is syphilitic uveitis?
Syphilitic uveitis is a side effect of syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. This ocular condition can develop at any stage of syphilis, but it is most commonly associated with the...
Synchysis scintillans is a rare degenerative eye condition characterized by the presence of cholesterol crystals suspended in the vitreous humor, a clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina. When viewed through an ophthalmoscope, these...
