Evodiamine: Top Benefits, Dosage, Uses, and Side Effects for Weight Loss and Wellness
Evodiamine is a plant alkaloid concentrated in the fruit of Tetradium ruticarpum (formerly Evodia rutaecarpa), a traditional East Asian herb known as Euodiae Fructus or Wu Zhu Yu. In labs and animal models, evodiamine has shown intriguing actions—particularly on heat-sensing receptors and metabolic pathways linked to body weight, pain perception, and inflammation. But human data are limited, and quality...
Exogenous Ketones: Benefits, Uses, Dosage, Safety, and Side Effects Guide
Exogenous ketones are drinkable or powdered compounds that raise blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) without fasting or strict carbohydrate restriction. They come mainly as ketone salts (BHB bound to minerals), ketone esters (compounds that release BHB after digestion), and 1,3-butanediol (a BHB precursor). In minutes, these products can elevate circulating BHB to “nutritional ketosis” levels, shifting fuel use and sometimes altering...
Exorphins: Key Benefits, Mood Effects, Food Sources, Dosage, and Safety Risks
Exorphins—also called food-derived opioid peptides—are tiny fragments released when certain proteins (most famously in dairy and wheat) are digested. Because these peptides can bind to the body’s opioid receptors, they may influence gut motility, pain perception, mood, and immune signaling. Interest has grown around casomorphins from milk (especially the β-casomorphin-7 or “BCM-7” fragment) and gluten exorphins from wheat and...
Daffodil Health Benefits: How It Works, Safety, Dosage, and FAQ
Daffodils (genus Narcissus) are among the most recognizable spring bulbs. Their cheerful flowers, however, conceal potent natural alkaloids that can make people and pets sick if swallowed or if the sap touches skin for long periods. This article separates garden lore from evidence, explaining what is (and is not) known about daffodil “benefits,” how the plant is used today,...
Daidzein Supplement: Isoflavone Properties, Health Advantages, and Dosage Guide
Daidzein is a plant compound from soy and some legumes that belongs to the isoflavone family. It is often discussed alongside genistein, but daidzein is unique because gut bacteria can convert it into S-equol, a metabolite with a strong preference for the estrogen receptor beta (ERβ). That selective action helps explain why daidzein shows interest for menopause symptoms, bone...
D-Allulose: Health Benefits, Blood Sugar Control, Dosage, and Side Effects Guide
D-allulose (also called D-psicose) is a “rare sugar” that tastes like table sugar but provides a fraction of the calories. It occurs naturally in tiny amounts in foods like figs and maple syrup and is now produced via enzymatic conversion from fructose. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) allows manufacturers to exclude allulose from “Total...
D-alpha tocopherol: Natural Vitamin E Benefits, Best Uses, Dosage, and Side Effects
D-alpha tocopherol is the natural, most bioactive form of vitamin E (chemical name: RRR-alpha-tocopherol). As a fat-soluble, chain-breaking antioxidant, it protects cell membranes from lipid peroxidation—especially in tissues rich in polyunsaturated fats, like the brain, retina, and heart. You’ll see it on labels as “d-alpha-tocopherol,” sometimes as the more stable esters “d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate” or “succinate,” which your body converts...
Damiana: Herbal Aphrodisiac Benefits, Uses, Dosage, and Side Effects Guide
Damiana (Turnera diffusa) is a small, aromatic shrub native to Mexico and the Caribbean that has captivated herbalists for centuries. Traditionally prepared as a tea or liqueur, damiana is best known for supporting mood and sexual desire, though modern lab research also explores antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and metabolic actions. While animal and cell studies are promising, high-quality clinical trials of...
Dan Shen Supplement: Cardiovascular Support, Antioxidant Power, Dosage, and Risks
Dan Shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), also called red sage or Chinese sage, is a traditional East Asian herb used for “blood stasis” syndromes—conditions related to circulation and chest discomfort in traditional medicine texts. Modern research has focused on heart and metabolic health, microcirculation, and, more recently, men’s urinary symptoms. Dan Shen’s root contains two broad classes of compounds: water-soluble phenolic...
Dandelion Root: Health Benefits, Top Uses, Dosage Guide, and Side Effects
Dandelion root (Taraxacum officinale), the deep taproot beneath the familiar yellow flower, has a long history as a traditional digestive and urinary aid. Today it appears in teas, tinctures, capsules, and even coffee-like roasts. Interest centers on its inulin-rich fibers and phenolic compounds that may influence digestion, glucose and lipid metabolism, bile flow, and fluid balance. Evidence in people...
Danshen Benefits: Cardiovascular Support, Key Uses, and Potential Risks
Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), sometimes called red sage or Chinese sage, has been used for centuries in East Asian medicine to “invigorate blood” and support circulation. Modern research focuses on its phenolic acids (like salvianolic acid B) and lipid-soluble tanshinones (such as tanshinone IIA), which appear to influence blood flow, inflammation, and oxidative stress. People typically consider Danshen for cholesterol...
DAO: Histamine Intolerance Relief, How It Works, Dosage, and Side Effects
Histamine intolerance can feel like a moving target—one day your favorite leftovers or a glass of wine sits fine, and the next day you’re dealing with flushing, headaches, or stomach discomfort. DAO (diamine oxidase) is the main enzyme that breaks down food-derived histamine in the gut. As a supplement, DAO is taken right before meals to help degrade histamine...
D-aspartic Acid Supplement: Muscle, Fertility, Cognitive Benefits, and Safe Use
D-aspartic acid (often shortened to “DAA”) is a naturally occurring “D”-form amino acid found in the brain, pituitary, and testes. It helps regulate hormones involved in male reproduction, especially luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone. Because of those roles, D-aspartic acid is marketed as a testosterone booster and fertility aid. The scientific picture, however, is mixed: some studies suggest short-term...
Date Fruit Extract for Wellness: Best Uses, Safety, Dosage, and Health Insights
Date fruit extract is derived from the flesh or seeds of Phoenix dactylifera, the same date palm that produces the sweet, fiber-rich fruits eaten across the Middle East and beyond. Beyond flavor, dates and their extracts deliver polyphenols, flavonoids, minerals, and prebiotic fibers that may support antioxidant defenses, digestive balance, and—based on emerging clinical data—late-pregnancy outcomes and neutral glycemic...
D-biotin: Hair, Skin, and Nail Benefits, Dosage, and Side Effects
Biotin—often labeled as vitamin B7 or vitamin H—is a water-soluble B-vitamin your body uses to power essential enzymes involved in energy metabolism, fatty-acid synthesis, and amino-acid breakdown. “D-biotin” refers to the naturally active form found in foods and supplements. While deficiency is uncommon, targeted supplementation can be helpful in specific situations, such as certain inherited enzyme disorders or prolonged...
D-Calcium Pantothenate: Top Benefits, Proven Uses, Dosage Guidelines, and Safety
D-calcium pantothenate is the stable, supplement-grade form of vitamin B5, a water-soluble nutrient best known for its central role in making coenzyme A (CoA) and the acyl carrier protein (ACP). Those two cofactors sit at the heart of energy metabolism, fatty-acid synthesis and breakdown, and numerous acetylation reactions. Because pantothenic acid is widely present in foods, outright deficiency is...
D-Chiro-Inositol: Best Practices, Proven Benefits, Dosage, and Side Effects
D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an inositol isomer found in small amounts in food and produced in the body from myo-inositol. In supplements, it is best known for potential metabolic and reproductive benefits in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Interest in DCI has grown because of its role in insulin signaling and its distinct actions compared with myo-inositol. While early clinical trials...
Dead nettle: Herbal Supplement Guide—Benefits, Proper Dosage, and Cautions
Dead nettle (most often the white-flowering species, Lamium album) is a mild, non-stinging herb in the mint family. Herbalists have used its flowers and aerial parts for soothing irritated tissues, settling minor digestive complaints, and traditional women’s health applications. Today, it also attracts interest for its antioxidant profile and emerging antifungal activity in laboratory and field studies. If you...
Deanol (DMAE): Nootropic Properties, Cognitive Benefits, Safe Dosage, and Risks
Deanol—better known as DMAE or dimethylaminoethanol—is a choline-like compound found in small amounts in fish and used in supplements and skincare. It is marketed for focus, memory, mood, and skin-firming benefits. Evidence is mixed: topical DMAE has the best human data (notably with 3% gels), while oral DMAE for cognition remains under-researched and controversial. This guide explains what DMAE...
Debaryomyces hansenii: Unique Properties, Health Advantages, Supplementation, and Safety
Debaryomyces hansenii is a salt-tolerant yeast best known to cheesemakers and fermented meat producers for the way it shapes flavor, aroma, and texture. In recent years, it has also drawn attention as a possible “bioprotective” culture that can keep unwanted molds in check and as a research candidate for probiotic applications. Still, it is not Saccharomyces boulardii, and it...
Debittered Fenugreek: Top Benefits, Metabolic Health, Safe Dosage, and Side Effects
Debittered fenugreek is simply fenugreek seed that has had much of its natural bitterness reduced—usually by soaking, sprouting, fermenting, or similar food-grade methods—while preserving the seed’s most useful components. That includes viscous galactomannan fiber, the amino acid 4-hydroxyisoleucine, trigonelline, and steroidal saponins in adjusted amounts. For many people, the taste barrier is the only thing standing between them and...
Decanoic Acid: Comprehensive Guide to Supplement Uses, Cognitive Effects, Dosage, and Risks
Decanoic acid—also called capric acid or “C10” because it has 10 carbon atoms—is a medium-chain fatty acid found naturally in coconut and palm kernel oils and in small amounts in dairy fat. It is a key component of many medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oils and several medical foods used in ketogenic therapies. Interest in decanoic acid has grown because it...
Decursin: Key Health Benefits, Dosage, Safety, and Side Effects Unveiled
Decursin : Benefits, Properties, Uses, Dosage, and Side Effects Explained Decursin is a naturally occurring pyranocoumarin concentrated in the roots of Angelica gigas (Korean dang-gui). It often appears alongside its isomer, decursinol angelate (DA), and both are metabolized in the body to decursinol (DOH). Interest in decursin has grown because preclinical studies suggest anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anticancer activities, while early...
Deer Placenta: Top Benefits, Proven Results, Dosage, and Side Effects
Deer placenta supplements are promoted for skin rejuvenation, energy, and “youthful vitality.” They are typically made by freeze-drying or extracting placental tissue—most often from red deer—and formulating it as capsules, powders, or topical products. Placenta naturally contains proteins, amino acids, and growth-factor–like compounds, which gives a plausible biological rationale for skin support. However, rigorous human data on deer placenta...
