Urine Cystine Test: Cystinuria, Cystine Stones, and High Cystine Levels
A urine cystine test looks for excess cystine, the poorly soluble amino acid responsible for stones in people with cystinuria. Cystinuria is an inherited...
Urine Magnesium Test for Kidney Stones: Low Levels, Mineral Balance, and Stone Risk
A urine magnesium test measures how much magnesium your kidneys excrete, usually over 24 hours. In a kidney stone evaluation, the result is useful...
Urine Oxalate Test: High Oxalate, Calcium Oxalate Stones, and Stone Risk
A urine oxalate test measures how much oxalate your body excretes into urine, usually over 24 hours. It is one of the most useful...
Urine pH Test for Kidney Stones: Acidic, Alkaline, Uric Acid Stones, and Struvite Stones
A urine pH test shows how acidic or alkaline your urine is. For kidney stone evaluation, pH is important because different stone minerals crystallize...
Urine Phosphorus Test for Kidney Stones: Mineral Balance and Calcium Phosphate Risk
A urine phosphorus test measures how much phosphorus, mainly as phosphate, is excreted in urine over a set period. In kidney stone evaluation, a...
Urine Sodium Test for Kidney Stones: High Salt Intake and Calcium Stone Risk
A urine sodium test estimates how much sodium your kidneys excrete, usually over 24 hours. In kidney stone prevention, it is useful because most...
Urine Supersaturation Test: Calcium Oxalate, Calcium Phosphate, Uric Acid, and Stone Risk
A urine supersaturation test estimates how strongly your urine favors crystal formation for specific stone minerals, most often calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, and uric...
Urine Uric Acid Test for Kidney Stones: High Uric Acid, Gout, and Stone Risk
A urine uric acid test measures how much uric acid leaves the body in urine, usually over 24 hours. In kidney stone evaluation, it...
Urine Volume Test for Kidney Stones: Low Volume, Dehydration, and Stone Risk
A urine volume test measures how much urine you produce over a set period, usually 24 hours, and it is one of the most...
Acute Kidney Injury Blood Test Panel: Creatinine, BUN, Electrolytes, Urine Output, and Meaning
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden decline in kidney function that develops over hours to days. No single blood test proves AKI by...
Albumin Blood Test in Kidney Disease: Low Levels, Nutrition, Protein Loss, and Inflammation
An albumin blood test measures albumin, the most abundant protein in blood plasma. The liver makes albumin, and healthy kidneys normally keep almost all...
Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP) Test: Kidney Function, Electrolytes, Glucose, and Results
A basic metabolic panel (BMP) is a common blood test that checks eight measurements related to kidney function, electrolytes, acid-base balance, blood sugar, and...
Beta-2 Microglobulin Blood Test: High Levels, Kidney Function, and Tubular Damage
A beta-2 microglobulin (B2M or β2M) blood test measures a small protein that is continuously released by most nucleated cells. Healthy kidneys filter beta-2...
Bicarbonate Blood Test in Kidney Disease: Metabolic Acidosis, Low Levels, and CKD Meaning
A bicarbonate blood test helps show whether the body is keeping acids and bases in balance. On a routine chemistry panel, bicarbonate is usually...
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Test: Normal Range, High and Low Levels, and Kidney Health
A blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test measures the nitrogen portion of urea in the blood. Urea is a waste product made mainly in the...
BUN/Creatinine Ratio Test: High, Low, Dehydration, Kidney Function, and Meaning
The BUN/creatinine ratio compares two blood measurements that are commonly used when evaluating kidney function: blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine. The ratio...