IgG4 Blood Test: IgG4-Related Disease, Inflammation, and Organ Involvement
An IgG4 blood test measures one subclass of immunoglobulin G. It is most often ordered when a clinician suspects IgG4-related disease, a systemic fibroinflammatory...
Large Vessel Vasculitis Blood Test Panel: CRP, ESR, IL-6, and Disease Activity
A large vessel vasculitis blood test panel usually centers on CRP and ESR, supported by a complete blood count, kidney and liver tests, and...
Microscopic Polyangiitis Blood Test Panel: MPO-ANCA, CRP, ESR, and Kidney Risk
A microscopic polyangiitis blood test panel is designed to recognize a pattern of small-vessel inflammation and, above all, identify kidney or lung injury before...
MPO-ANCA Antibody Test: MPA, EGPA, Vasculitis, Positive Result, and Meaning
The MPO-ANCA antibody test detects autoantibodies directed against myeloperoxidase, an enzyme inside neutrophils. A positive result is most strongly associated with microscopic polyangiitis and...
p-ANCA Test: Microscopic Polyangiitis, MPO Antibodies, and Meaning
A p-ANCA result describes a perinuclear fluorescence pattern seen when a patient’s serum reacts with ethanol-fixed neutrophils. It does not identify one disease or...
PR3-ANCA Antibody Test: GPA Vasculitis, Positive Result, and Meaning
The PR3-ANCA antibody test detects antibodies against proteinase 3, a neutrophil enzyme. A clearly positive result is strongly associated with granulomatosis with polyangiitis, especially...
Soluble IL-2 Receptor Test: Sarcoidosis, Immune Activation, and Inflammation
The soluble interleukin-2 receptor test measures circulating soluble CD25, a protein released mainly by activated T lymphocytes. It can be elevated in sarcoidosis and...
Vasculitis Blood Test Panel: ANCA, MPO, PR3, CRP, ESR, Complement, and Diagnosis
A vasculitis blood test panel is not one fixed bundle that can confirm or exclude every form of blood vessel inflammation. Vasculitis includes many...
14-3-3 Eta Protein Test: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Joint Damage Risk, and Disease Activity
The 14-3-3 eta protein test test measures the extracellular 14-3-3η protein, a signaling protein released in inflamed joint tissue. It can add useful information...
Ankylosing Spondylitis Blood Test Panel: HLA-B27, CRP, ESR, and Diagnosis
HLA-B27 genetic status plus CRP and ESR inflammation markers is not diagnosed by a single blood result. The panel combines genetic and inflammatory clues...
Anti-Carbamylated Protein (Anti-CarP) Test: Rheumatoid Arthritis Marker and Prognosis
The anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) antibody test test measures antibodies against proteins altered by carbamylation, a chemical modification distinct from citrullination. It can add useful...
Anti-CCP Antibody Test: Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis, Positive Result, and Prognosis
The anti-CCP antibody test test measures IgG antibodies that bind laboratory cyclic citrullinated peptides and serve as a standardized ACPA assay. It can add...
Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibody (ACPA) Test: Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis and Disease Risk
The anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) test test measures a family of autoantibodies directed against citrullinated proteins; anti-CCP is the most common clinical assay. It...
Anti-Mutated Citrullinated Vimentin (Anti-MCV) Test: Rheumatoid Arthritis Activity and Meaning
The anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin (anti-MCV) antibody test test measures antibodies against a modified, citrullinated form of vimentin found in inflamed tissue. It can add...
Anti-RA33 Antibody Test: Rheumatoid Arthritis Marker, Early Disease, and Meaning
The anti-RA33 antibody test test measures autoantibodies against heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1, historically called the RA33 antigen. It can add useful information when rheumatoid...
Anti-Sa Antibody Test: Rheumatoid Arthritis Marker, Positive Result, and Meaning
The anti-Sa antibody test test measures antibodies to citrullinated vimentin, originally identified through the Sa antigen system. It can add useful information when rheumatoid...
Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP) Test: Joint Damage, Cartilage Breakdown, and Arthritis
The cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) test test measures fragments or circulating levels of COMP, an extracellular-matrix protein abundant in cartilage and also present...
CCP IgG Antibody Test: Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk, Early Diagnosis, and Meaning
The CCP IgG antibody test test measures IgG-class antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides. It can add useful information when rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is suspected,...
CRP Test for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Disease Activity, Flares, Inflammation, and Monitoring
The C-reactive protein (CRP) test helps estimate inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but it does not measure joint damage directly and cannot confirm a...
ESR Test for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Inflammation, Disease Activity, Flares, and Monitoring
The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test helps estimate inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but it does not measure joint damage directly and cannot confirm...