SDHC Genetic Test: Paraganglioma, Pheochromocytoma, and Results
An SDHC genetic test looks for an inherited pathogenic variant that increases susceptibility to paraganglioma and, less often, pheochromocytoma. SDHC is part of the...
SDHD Genetic Test: Paraganglioma, Pheochromocytoma, and Results
An SDHD genetic test looks for an inherited pathogenic variant that predisposes to paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas. SDHD-associated disease often involves multiple head and neck...
Solid Tumor NGS Panel Test: Cancer Mutations, Fusions, and Treatment Results
A solid tumor next-generation sequencing panel examines many cancer-related genes at the same time. It can detect mutations, small insertions or deletions, copy-number changes,...
STK11 Genetic Test: Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome, Cancer Risk, and Results
An STK11 genetic test looks for an inherited pathogenic variant that causes Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. This condition is characterized by hamartomatous polyps, dark freckle-like pigmentation...
TET2 Mutation Test: Blood Cancer, Clonal Hematopoiesis, and Results
A TET2 mutation test looks for acquired DNA changes in blood-forming cells. TET2 mutations are common in clonal hematopoiesis, a state in which one...
TP53 Genetic Test: Li-Fraumeni Syndrome, Cancer Risk, and Results
A TP53 genetic test looks for an inherited pathogenic variant associated with Li-Fraumeni syndrome and related heritable TP53 cancer-predisposition syndromes. TP53 is a major...
Tumor Molecular Profiling Test: Cancer Mutations, Treatment Targets, and Results
Tumor molecular profiling is an umbrella term for laboratory tests that characterize the biological changes driving a cancer. A profile may combine DNA sequencing,...
Tumor Mutational Burden (TMB) Test: Cancer Immunotherapy Marker and Results
A tumor mutational burden test estimates how many acquired DNA mutations are present per megabase of analyzed tumor sequence. The result is usually reported...
VHL Genetic Test: von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome, Cancer Risk, and Results
A VHL genetic test looks for an inherited pathogenic variant that causes von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, a lifelong tumor-predisposition condition. Carriers can develop retinal and...
WT1 Genetic Test: Wilms Tumor, Kidney Cancer Risk, and Results
A WT1 genetic test looks for an inherited or de novo pathogenic variant that can cause WT1 disorder, a spectrum involving Wilms tumor, progressive...
Acetaminophen Blood Test: Toxic Level, Overdose, Liver Damage Risk, Treatment Monitoring, and Results
An acetaminophen blood test measures how much acetaminophen, also called paracetamol or APAP, is in the bloodstream. It is most often used after a...
Acetaminophen Level and Liver Enzymes: Interpreting Overdose Risk
Acetaminophen is widely used for pain and fever, but too much can injure the liver before a person feels seriously ill. Blood testing is...
Aluminum Blood Test: High Aluminum, Normal Range, Toxicity, Exposure Sources, and Results
An aluminum blood test measures the amount of aluminum circulating in the blood, usually in serum or plasma. Doctors use it most often when...
Antimony Blood Test: High Antimony, Exposure, Toxicity, Normal Range, and Results
An antimony blood test checks for antimony, a naturally occurring metalloid that can enter the body through industrial dust, contaminated materials, certain products, some...
Arsenic Blood Test: High Arsenic, Normal Range, Poisoning, Toxicity, and Results
An arsenic blood test measures the amount of arsenic circulating in the blood at the time the sample is taken. It can help when...
Arsenic Blood Test vs Urine Test: Which Exposure Test Is Used?
Arsenic testing is usually done with urine, not blood, when the purpose is to check recent exposure. A blood arsenic test can help in...
Beryllium Blood Test: High Beryllium, Exposure, Toxicity, Normal Range, and Results
A beryllium blood test is used when beryllium exposure is possible, usually through work with beryllium metal, beryllium alloys, ceramics, electronics, aerospace parts, dental...
Bismuth Blood Test: High Bismuth, Exposure, Toxicity, Normal Range, and Results
A bismuth blood test measures the amount of bismuth in your bloodstream after possible exposure to bismuth-containing medicines, industrial materials, or other uncommon sources....
Blood Alcohol, Methanol, and Ethylene Glycol: Interpreting Toxic Alcohol Panels
Blood alcohol and toxic alcohol panels help identify alcohols that can cause intoxication, acidosis, organ injury, or death. The word “alcohol” can be misleading...
Blood Drug Screen Test: Common Drugs, Positive Results, Detection Window, and Meaning
A blood drug screen test looks for selected drugs, medications, alcohol, or drug metabolites in a blood sample. It is most useful when the...