Exercise-induced hypertension, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and safe treatment plan
Exercise is supposed to strengthen your heart and blood vessels. So it can feel confusing—and a little alarming—when your blood pressure rises much higher...
Exertional angina: Risk Factors, Warning Signs, Tests, and Best Therapies
Exertional angina is chest discomfort that shows up when your heart is working harder—most often during walking, climbing stairs, stress, or cold weather—and eases...
Exertional Hypertension: Causes, Risks, Diagnosis, and Safe Exercise Plans
Exertional hypertension means your blood pressure rises higher than expected during physical activity, such as a treadmill test, cycling, or a hard climb up...
Exertional syncope: Symptoms During Workouts, Cardiac Risks, and Next Steps
Exertional syncope is fainting that happens during exercise or right as you stop. It can look like “just pushing too hard,” but the timing...
External iliac artery thrombosis: Symptoms, Emergency Signs, and Treatment Options
External iliac artery thrombosis is a blood clot that blocks the external iliac artery, a major vessel that carries blood from the pelvis into...
External jugular vein thrombosis: Treatment Plans, Anticoagulation Decisions, and Recovery
External jugular vein thrombosis is a clot inside the external jugular vein, the superficial vein that runs along the side of the neck and...
Extrasystole: Causes, Triggers, Symptoms, and When to Worry
An extrasystole is an extra heartbeat that arrives earlier than expected, often followed by a brief pause that makes the next beat feel unusually...
Extremity arterial embolism: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Urgent Treatment
Extremity arterial embolism is a sudden blockage of an arm or leg artery by traveling debris—most often a blood clot—that lodges downstream and cuts...
Extremity arterial occlusion: Acute vs Chronic Ischemia, Warning Signs, and Care
Extremity arterial occlusion means an artery in the arm or leg has become blocked enough to seriously reduce blood flow. Sometimes it happens abruptly—an...
Danon cardiomyopathy: Overview, Causes, Risk Factors, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment and Management
Danon cardiomyopathy is a form of heart muscle disease (cardiomyopathy: the heart muscle becomes thick, weak, or stiff) linked to Danon disease, a rare...
Danon disease: Overview, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options
Danon disease is a rare inherited condition that most often shows itself through heart problems, sometimes years before anyone knows its name. A child...
Deep vein thrombosis: Overview, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) happens when a blood clot forms in a deep vein, most often in the calf or thigh. It can start...
Degenerative aortic stenosis: Overview, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management
Degenerative aortic stenosis is a common valve problem of aging in which the aortic valve gradually becomes stiff and narrow. Aortic stenosis (a narrowed...
Degenerative mitral regurgitation: Symptoms, Atrial Fibrillation Risk, and When to Intervene
Degenerative mitral regurgitation is a common form of “leaky” mitral valve disease that develops when the valve’s own tissue weakens over time. Mitral regurgitation...
Degenerative mitral valve disease: Overview, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management
Degenerative mitral valve disease is a gradual wear-and-tear condition that changes the structure of the mitral valve—the “door” that keeps blood moving in the...
Degenerative valve disease: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Imaging, and Treatment Options
Degenerative valve disease is a common, age-related set of problems in which one or more heart valves gradually lose their normal shape and flexibility....
Degos disease: Causes, Risk Factors, Complications, and Long-Term Monitoring
Degos disease is a very rare condition in which small blood vessels become damaged and blocked. That injury can show up first on the...
Dehydration-induced hypotension: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Fast Rehydration Treatment
Dehydration-induced hypotension happens when your body loses enough fluid that your blood pressure drops. For some people, it starts as a subtle “off” feeling—lightheaded...
Dextrocardia: Causes, Associated Heart Defects, and Long-Term Management
Dextrocardia means the heart sits on the right side of the chest instead of the left. For some people, it is an incidental finding...
Diabetic cardiomyopathy: Causes, Fibrosis, Stiff Heart, and Key Risk Factors
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a heart muscle problem that develops in some people with diabetes, even when they do not have blocked arteries or long-standing...
Diabetic vascular disease: Overview, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Strategies
Diabetic vascular disease is the umbrella term for blood-vessel damage linked to diabetes. It includes problems in large arteries that supply the heart, brain,...
Diastolic dysfunction: What It Means, Risk Factors, and How It’s Treated
Diastolic dysfunction means the heart has trouble relaxing and filling between beats. That “resting” phase is called diastole (the heart’s relaxation phase). When filling...
Diastolic heart failure: Overview, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options
Diastolic heart failure is a form of heart failure where the heart’s squeeze may look normal, but the heart does not relax and fill...
Dilated cardiomyopathy: Overview, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Dilated cardiomyopathy is a condition where the heart’s main pumping chamber stretches and weakens over time. When that chamber loses strength, the heart can’t...