What is Corneal Ectasia?
Corneal ectasia is a progressive eye disorder characterized by thinning and bulging of the cornea, the clear, dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eyeball. This condition causes distorted vision and can significantly reduce a...
Introduction to Corneal Dystrophies
Corneal dystrophies are a group of genetic, often progressive, eye disorders distinguished by the accumulation of abnormal material in the cornea, the clear, front layer of the eyeball. These conditions commonly affect both eyes and are...
What is Corneal Degenerations?
Corneal degenerations refer to a group of ocular disorders characterized by progressive changes and deterioration of the corneal tissue. These conditions can lead to significant visual impairment and discomfort. Unlike corneal dystrophies, which are typically hereditary...
What is Corneal Abrasion?
Corneal abrasion is a common ocular condition caused by a scratch or injury to the cornea, the eye's transparent front layer. This condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including trauma, foreign bodies, improper...
What is Convergence Insufficiency?
Convergence insufficiency is a common binocular vision disorder in which the eyes struggle to work together while focusing on a nearby object. This condition can cause severe visual discomfort and impair the ability to perform tasks...
Introduction to Convergence Excess
Convergence excess is a binocular vision disorder in which the eyes over-converge, or turn inward, when focusing on nearby objects. This condition can cause symptoms such as eye strain, headaches, double vision, and difficulty reading or...
What is Conjunctivochalasis?
Conjunctivochalasis is an ocular condition marked by the presence of redundant, loose folds of conjunctival tissue, usually located between the globe of the eye and the lower eyelid. This condition can be extremely uncomfortable, with symptoms such...
What is Conjunctivitis?
Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is an inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva, the clear membrane that lines your eyelid and protects the white part of your eyeball. When small blood vessels in the conjunctiva become...
What Is Conjunctival Squamous Cell Carcinoma?
Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a type of eye cancer caused by squamous epithelial cells in the conjunctiva, a thin membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inner surface of...
What is Conjunctival Laceration?
A conjunctival laceration is a tear or cut in the conjunctiva, a clear, thin membrane that protects the white part of the eye (sclera) and the inside of the eyelids. This condition can develop as a...
Congenital Retinal Dystrophies Basics
Congenital retinal dystrophies are a group of inherited disorders that affect the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye, beginning at birth. These conditions are distinguished by progressive degeneration of retinal cells, which...
Introduction to Congenital Ptosis
Congenital ptosis, an ocular condition marked by drooping of the upper eyelid at birth, has serious consequences for visual development and ocular health. This condition ranges in severity from mild drooping to complete pupil coverage, which...
What is Congenital Glaucoma?
Congenital glaucoma, also known as primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), is a rare but severe eye disease that affects infants and young children. This disorder is distinguished by abnormal development of the eye's drainage system, which results...
Introduction
Congenital Fibrosis of the Extraocular Muscles (CFEOM) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by fibrosis and abnormal development of the extraocular muscles responsible for eye movement. This condition causes restricted eye movements and strabismus (eye misalignment), which leads to...
What is Congenital Cataract?
Congenital cataracts are cloudings of the eye's lens that occur at birth or develop during infancy. This condition can range in severity, potentially resulting in significant vision impairment or blindness if not treated. Congenital cataracts can...
What is Compressive Optic Neuropathy?
Compressive optic neuropathy is a serious ocular condition in which external pressure causes damage to the optic nerve. This pressure can be caused by a variety of factors, including tumors, cysts, or vascular anomalies, which...
What is Commotio Retinae (Berlin's Edema)?
Commotio retinae, also known as Berlin's edema, is a condition affecting the retina caused by blunt trauma to the eye. This condition is distinguished by a temporary whitening or opacification of the retina, especially...
Introduction
Combined Hamartoma of the Retina and Retinal Pigment Epithelium (CHRRPE) is a rare, benign ocular condition marked by abnormal proliferation of retinal and retinal pigment epithelial cells. This congenital anomaly typically manifests as a grayish or pigmented lesion on...
What is Coloboma?
Coloboma is a congenital eye condition characterized by missing tissue from the eye's structures. This defect occurs when the embryonic fissure fails to close completely during development, resulting in gaps or notches in various parts of the...
Introduction to Coats Disease
Coats Disease is a rare, non-hereditary eye disorder characterized by abnormal blood vessel development and leakage in the retina, resulting in retinal detachment and vision loss. This condition, which primarily affects young males, can cause unilateral...
Introduction
Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) is a rare mitochondrial disorder marked by gradual weakness of the muscles that control eye movements. This condition usually manifests in adulthood, but symptoms can appear in childhood or adolescence. CPEO causes progressive difficulty...
Introduction to Chronic Lacrimal Canaliculitis
Chronic Lacrimal Canaliculitis is a persistent infection of the lacrimal canaliculi, which are small channels in the eyelids that drain tears from the eye into the lacrimal sac. Bacterial, fungal, or viral pathogens are commonly...
Introduction
Chronic Angle-Closure Glaucoma (CACG) is a progressive eye condition marked by the gradual closure of the anterior chamber angle, resulting in an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP). If not treated properly, this elevated pressure can damage the optic nerve,...
What is Choroideremia?
Choroideremia is a rare, inherited retinal degenerative disease that mostly affects men. It is distinguished by progressive vision loss that begins in childhood and eventually leads to complete blindness. Mutations in the CHM gene, which encodes the...
What is Choroidal Osteoma?
Choroidal osteoma is a rare, benign ossifying tumor of the eye that causes mature bone to form within the choroid, the eye's vascular layer located between the retina and the sclera. Choroidal osteoma, which was first...
What is Choroidal Nevus?
A choroidal nevus is a benign pigmented growth in the choroid, the vascular layer of the eye that lies between the retina and the sclera. A choroidal nevus, similar to a freckle or mole on the...
Introduction to Choroidal Neovascularization.
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a serious ocular condition characterized by the abnormal growth of new blood vessels from the choroid, the eye's vascular layer, into the surrounding retina. If not treated, this abnormal vascular proliferation can...
What is Choroidal Metastasis?
Choroidal metastasis is the spread of cancer cells to the choroid, the vascular layer of the eye located between the retina and the sclera. This condition is relatively uncommon, but it is the most common type...
Introduction to Choroidal Hemangioma
Choroidal hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor that develops in the choroid, which is a layer of blood vessels between the retina and the sclera. This condition can be congenital or acquired, and it frequently appears...
Introduction to Chorioretinitis.
Chorioretinitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the choroid and retina of the eye. The choroid is a layer of blood vessels and connective tissue located between the sclera (white of the eye) and the retina. Its...
