What is Chorioretinitis Sclopetaria?
Chorioretinitis sclopetaria, also known as sclopetaria, is a traumatic ocular condition caused by high-velocity projectile injuries to the eye or orbit. This uncommon condition is distinguished by severe damage to the choroid and retina, resulting in...
What is Chlamydial Conjunctivitis?
Chlamydial conjunctivitis, or inclusion conjunctivitis, is an eye infection caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. This condition can affect people of any age, but it is especially common in neonates and sexually active adults. Chlamydial conjunctivitis...
Introduction to Chikungunya Fever
Chikungunya fever is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitos and caused by the Chikungunya virus. It is primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitos. While the disease is most commonly associated with severe joint...
Introduction to Charles Bonnet Syndrome
Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS) is a condition in which visually impaired people have vivid, complex visual hallucinations despite not having any cognitive or psychiatric disorders. Charles Bonnet first described this syndrome in 1760, and it...
Introduction to CHARGE Syndrome
CHARGE syndrome is a multifaceted genetic disorder that stands for coloboma, heart defects, atresia choanae, growth retardation, genital abnormalities, and ear abnormalities. Among its many symptoms, ocular manifestations are prominent and must be addressed because they...
Introduction to Chalcosis
Chalcosis is a rare ocular condition caused by the deposit of copper or copper-containing foreign bodies in the eye. This condition typically develops after an ocular injury, in which copper or a copper alloy becomes embedded in...
What is Chalazion?
A chalazion is a common and usually harmless condition affecting the eyelids. It appears as a small, painless lump or swelling that gradually develops on the upper or lower eyelid. This condition develops when a meibomian gland,...
Introduction to Central Serous Retinopathy
Central Serous Retinopathy (CSR) is a retinal condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid beneath the retina, particularly beneath the macula, which is responsible for central vision. This fluid buildup causes a localized retinal detachment,...
Introduction to Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO) is a serious ocular condition caused by a blockage of the central retinal vein, which drains blood from the retina. This obstruction causes increased pressure within the retinal veins,...
Introduction to Cataract
Cataracts are a common ocular condition characterized by the clouding of the eye's natural lens, resulting in blurred vision. This condition is most commonly associated with aging, but it can also be caused by trauma, certain medical...
What is Capsular Opacification?
Capsular opacification, also called posterior capsular opacification (PCO) or secondary cataract, is a common postoperative complication of cataract surgery. Despite the high success rate of cataract surgery, which involves replacing the natural lens of the eye...
Introduction
Capillary hemangioma of the orbit, also known as orbital hemangioma, is a benign vascular tumor that commonly affects infants and young children. These tumors are distinguished by an abnormal proliferation of blood vessels within the orbit, the bony cavity...
What is Canaliculitis?
Canaliculitis is a rare but serious infection of the canaliculi, which are small channels in the eyelids that drain tears from the eye's surface to the lacrimal sac. This condition is frequently caused by bacterial, fungal, or...
Introduction to Bullous Keratopathy
Bullous Keratopathy is an ocular condition marked by the development of fluid-filled blisters (bullae) on the cornea, the clear, dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye. This condition is typically caused by endothelial dysfunction,...
Introduction to Brown's Syndrome
Brown's Syndrome, also known as superior oblique tendon sheath syndrome, is a rare ocular motility disorder marked by abnormal restriction of the superior oblique muscle. This condition causes limited upward movement of the eye, especially during...
What is Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion?
Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) is a common vascular disorder of the retina caused by the blockage of one of the retina's small veins. This blockage disrupts blood flow, resulting in swelling, bleeding, and...
What is Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion?
Branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) occurs when one of the smaller branches of the central retinal artery becomes blocked, resulting in a sudden loss of vision in the area supplied by the affected artery....
Introduction to Blue Sclera
Blue sclera is a condition in which the sclera, or white outer layer of the eyeball, appears bluish. This unusual color is frequently indicative of underlying systemic or genetic conditions that affect the connective tissues, most...
Introduction to Chalcosis
Chalcosis is a rare ocular condition caused by the deposit of copper or copper-containing foreign bodies in the eye. This condition typically develops after an ocular injury, in which copper or a copper alloy becomes embedded in...
Introduction to Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO) is a serious and vision-threatening condition marked by a sudden loss of blood flow to the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. This blockage causes...
What is Blepharospasm?
Blepharospasm is a neurological condition characterized by involuntary, forceful contractions of the eyelid muscles, which cause excessive blinking and closure. Dystonia is a condition characterized by abnormal muscle tone and movement. Blepharospasm can have a significant impact...
What is Blepharochalasis?
Blepharochalasis is a rare and chronic eyelid condition characterized by recurring episodes of eyelid edema (swelling), which over time causes the eyelid skin to stretch, thin, and wrinkle. This condition frequently results in an excess of eyelid...
Blepharitis Basics
Blepharitis is a common and chronic inflammatory condition of the eyelids. It usually affects the area of the eyelid where the eyelashes grow, and it can affect both the anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions of the eyelid...
What is Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?
Birdshot chorioretinopathy, also called birdshot retinochoroidopathy or birdshot uveitis, is a rare, chronic, and potentially blinding autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects the retina and choroid of the eye. It is named after the characteristic appearance of...
What is Bilateral Diffuse Uveal Melanocytic Proliferation (BDUMP)?
Bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP) is a rare and aggressive paraneoplastic syndrome marked by the proliferation of melanocytic cells in the uveal tract of the eye. The uveal tract contains the...
What is to Bietti's Crystalline Dystrophy?
Bietti's crystalline dystrophy (BCD) is a rare inherited eye disorder that causes crystalline deposits in the retina as well as progressive atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid. BCD was first described...
Introduction to Best Disease
Best disease, also known as vitelliform macular dystrophy, is a genetic eye disorder that primarily affects the macula, the central part of the retina that allows for sharp, central vision. This condition is named after Friedrich...
Introduction
Behçet's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder that affects multiple organs, including the eyes. Retinopathy is one of the most serious and vision-threatening complications of the disease. Behçet's disease-related retinopathy is an inflammation of the retina that can cause...
Introduction to Behçet's Disease and Optic Neuropathy
Behçet's disease is a chronic, multisystem inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the body, including your eyes. One of the more serious ocular complications is optic neuropathy, which causes inflammation and...
Introduction
Behçet's disease is a rare, chronic inflammatory disorder that can affect several organ systems, including the eye. Ocular manifestations are a significant and serious aspect of this disease, which can often result in significant visual impairment if not treated...
