Conduct Disorder Explained: Symptoms, Types, Causes, and Warning Signs
Conduct disorder is a serious childhood or adolescent mental health condition involving a repeated pattern of behavior that violates the rights of others, major...
Communication Disorder Types, Warning Signs, and Related Conditions
A communication disorder affects how a person understands, produces, uses, or organizes language and speech. It can involve spoken language, speech sounds, fluency, voice,...
Cognitive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified: Symptoms, Signs, Causes, and Diagnostic Context
A cognitive diagnosis can feel confusing when the wording is broad, outdated, or unfamiliar. “Not otherwise specified” does not describe one single disease. It...
Cognitive Behavioral Disorder Overview, Symptoms, Causes, and Risk Factors
“Cognitive behavioral disorder” is not usually used as a single formal diagnosis in major psychiatric classification systems. In clinical language, it is better understood...
Claustrophobia: Overview, Symptoms, Causes, and Risk Factors
Claustrophobia is an intense fear of enclosed, crowded, or hard-to-exit spaces. It is more than ordinary discomfort in a small room or elevator; for...
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder Symptoms, Signs, and Complications
Circadian rhythm sleep disorder occurs when the body’s internal timing system is out of sync with the sleep-wake schedule a person needs for daily...
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Symptoms, Signs, Risk Factors, and Diagnosis
Chronic fatigue syndrome is a serious, often disabling illness that affects energy, thinking, sleep, pain, and the body’s response to physical or mental effort....
Chronic Depressive Disorder Symptoms, Signs, and Risk Factors
Chronic depressive disorder describes a long-lasting pattern of depressive symptoms that can become woven into daily life. Many people do not experience it as...
Chronic anxiety causes and risk factors: Why persistent worry develops
Anxiety is part of the body’s normal alarm system, but it becomes a health concern when worry, fear, tension, or nervous-system arousal persist beyond...
Chronic Adjustment Disorder Symptoms, Causes, Risk Factors, and Complications
A stressful life event does not have to be catastrophic to overwhelm a person’s ability to cope. A relationship breakup, job loss, illness, family...
Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia Overview: Early Signs, Risk Factors, and Diagnosis Context
Childhood-onset schizophrenia is a rare but serious psychiatric condition in which symptoms of schizophrenia begin before age 13. It can affect how a child...
Charles Bonnet syndrome and Vision Loss: Symptoms, Causes, and Signs
Seeing things that are not actually there can be frightening, especially when the images are vivid or detailed. Charles Bonnet syndrome is a specific...
Central sleep apnea: Overview, Symptoms, Causes, Risk Factors, and Complications
Central sleep apnea is a sleep-related breathing disorder in which breathing repeatedly slows or stops because the brain’s breathing-control system does not send a...
Catatonic Schizophrenia Overview, Diagnosis Context, and Complications
Catatonia can be frightening to witness because it may look like a person has become “frozen,” unreachable, unusually rigid, or suddenly agitated in a...
Catatonia Signs, Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnostic Context
Catatonia is a serious neuropsychiatric syndrome that affects movement, speech, behavior, awareness, and sometimes the body’s automatic functions, such as heart rate, blood pressure,...
Catastrophizing disorder: Signs, Risk Factors, and Mental Health Effects
Catastrophizing is a pattern of thinking in which the mind rapidly jumps to the worst possible outcome and treats that outcome as likely, unbearable,...
Cataplexy in Adults and Children: Signs, Causes, and Risks
Cataplexy is a sudden, temporary loss of muscle tone that happens while a person is awake, usually after a strong emotion such as laughter,...
Capgras Syndrome Signs and Symptoms: How the Condition Appears
Capgras syndrome is a rare but serious form of delusional misidentification. A person with this syndrome believes that someone familiar, often a spouse, parent,...
Cannabis-Induced Psychotic Disorder Overview: Symptoms, Signs, and Risks
Cannabis-induced psychotic disorder is a serious mental health condition in which hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, or severely disorganized thinking develop in close connection with cannabis...
Caffeine-Induced Anxiety Disorder Signs, Risk Factors, and Complications
Caffeine can sharpen alertness for some people, but in others it can push the body into a state that feels frighteningly similar to anxiety...