Latest

Learn how lung cancer MRD ctDNA testing detects molecular residual disease, what positive and negative results mean, how it can precede recurrence on scans, and why treatment decisions still require clinical context.

Minimal Residual Disease ctDNA Test for Lung Cancer: Recurrence Monitoring, MRD, and Tumor DNA

Learn what MSI testing means in lung cancer, how MSI-H, MSS, dMMR, and pMMR results differ, how NGS, PCR, and IHC are used, and why this rare biomarker can matter for immunotherapy and hereditary evaluation.

MSI Test for Lung Cancer: Microsatellite Instability, Mismatch Repair, and Result Meaning

Learn how Napsin A IHC supports lung adenocarcinoma diagnosis, what positive granular cytoplasmic staining means, why negative results do not exclude lung cancer, and when other tumor origins must be considered.

Napsin A IHC Test for Lung Cancer: Adenocarcinoma Marker, Tumor Origin, and Positive...

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Biomarker Test: Driver Mutations, PD-L1, and Molecular Profile

Learn what an NSE blood test means in small cell lung cancer, why levels can be high, how hemolysis causes false elevations, and how serial NSE trends may support treatment and recurrence monitoring.

NSE Test for Lung Cancer: Small Cell Lung Cancer Marker, High Levels, and...

Understand NTRK fusion testing in lung cancer, including tumor-agnostic meaning, RNA NGS, pan-TRK IHC, positive results, negative-result limits, and next steps.

NTRK Fusion Test for Lung Cancer: Gene Fusion, Tumor-Agnostic Marker, and Molecular Meaning

Diagnostics

Home Diagnostics Page 4

Learn how to interpret an IDH2 mutation test in AML, including R140 and R172 results, VAF, prognosis, enasidenib treatment relevance, and follow-up testing.

IDH2 Mutation Test for AML: Mutation Status, Molecular Result, and AML...

Learn what a JAK2 exon 12 mutation test means in V617F-negative erythrocytosis, how it supports polycythemia vera diagnosis, and what to do after a negative result.

JAK2 Exon 12 Mutation Test: Polycythemia Vera Marker and JAK2-Negative Workup

Learn how to interpret a JAK2 V617F mutation test, including positive results, polycythemia vera and MPN meaning, VAF, negative follow-up, and prognosis.

JAK2 V617F Mutation Test: Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Polycythemia Vera, and Positive Result

Learn what a high LDH test can mean in leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma, including prognosis, disease activity, false elevations, reference ranges, and tumor lysis risk.

Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Test for Blood Cancer: High Levels, Prognosis, and...

Understand leukemia flow cytometry panels, including CD markers, immunophenotype, blast assessment, AML and ALL patterns, test limits, and follow-up testing.

Leukemia Flow Cytometry Panel: Cell Markers, Immunophenotype, Blasts, and Diagnosis

Learn how lymphoma flow cytometry uses B-cell, T-cell, and NK-cell markers to detect clonality, classify abnormal populations, and guide confirmatory testing.

Lymphoma Flow Cytometry Panel: B-Cell, T-Cell, NK-Cell Markers, and Classification

Understand leukemia MRD testing with flow cytometry, PCR, and NGS, including sensitivity, positive and negative results, timing, relapse risk, and test limitations.

Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) Test for Leukemia: Flow Cytometry, PCR, NGS,...

Understand multiple myeloma MRD testing by flow cytometry and NGS, including 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻⁶ sensitivity, negative and positive results, recurrence risk, and limitations.

Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) Test for Myeloma: Flow Cytometry, NGS, and...

Understand MPL mutation testing for thrombocytosis and myeloproliferative neoplasms, including W515 variants, positive and negative results, VAF, ET, and myelofibrosis.

MPL Mutation Test: Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Thrombocytosis, and Mutation Meaning

Understand the multiple myeloma test panel, including M protein, SPEP, immunofixation, free light chains, marrow testing, FISH, CRAB criteria, and staging.

Multiple Myeloma Test Panel: M Protein, Free Light Chains, Immunofixation, and...

Understand MYC rearrangement testing in Burkitt and high-grade B-cell lymphoma, including FISH, double-hit MYC/BCL2 disease, BCL6, and double-expressor differences.

MYC Rearrangement Test: Burkitt Lymphoma, Double-Hit Lymphoma, and High-Grade Disease

Understand MYD88 L265P testing in Waldenström macroglobulinemia and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, including positive and negative results, assay sensitivity, and CXCR4 context.

MYD88 L265P Mutation Test: Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia, Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma, and Mutation Meaning

Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) Mutation Panel: Risk Genes, Prognosis, and Molecular Profile

Understand JAK2, CALR and MPL MPN panel testing, including positive and negative results, triple-negative disease, molecular diagnosis of PV, ET and myelofibrosis.

Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Panel: JAK2, CALR, MPL, and Molecular Diagnosis

Understand NPM1 mutation testing in AML, including mutation status, prognosis, co-mutations, MRD monitoring, molecular relapse, and treatment decisions.

NPM1 Mutation Test: AML Prognosis, MRD, Mutation Status, and Result Meaning

Learn how PML-RARA testing confirms acute promyelocytic leukemia, how PCR and FISH differ, and how molecular MRD monitoring detects persistent or recurrent APL.

PML-RARA Fusion Test: Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, Gene Fusion, and MRD Monitoring

Understand RUNX1 mutation testing in AML and MDS, including result meaning, modern classification, prognosis, germline risk, and follow-up implications.

RUNX1 Mutation Test: AML, Myelodysplastic Syndrome Risk, and Mutation Meaning

Understand serum free light chain testing for kappa, lambda, and the ratio, including kidney effects, myeloma and MGUS patterns, and treatment monitoring.

Serum Free Light Chain Test: Kappa, Lambda, Ratio, Myeloma, and Plasma...

Understand serum immunofixation results, including monoclonal protein type, IgG/IgA/IgM and kappa/lambda patterns, myeloma testing, MGUS, and follow-up.

Serum Immunofixation Test: Monoclonal Protein Type, Myeloma, and Plasma Cell Disorders

Learn how to read an SPEP test, including M-spike meaning, monoclonal versus polyclonal patterns, myeloma and MGUS evaluation, limitations, and follow-up.

Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP) Test: M Protein, Myeloma, and Monoclonal Gammopathy

1...345...92 Page 4 of 92