Urine Microscopy Cells, Casts, Crystals

Urine microscopy can reveal important clues about kidney health, urinary tract infections, kidney stones, inflammation, and other conditions that may not be obvious from urine appearance alone. The **Urine Microscopy Cells, Casts, Crystals** category explains the microscopic findings that may appear in urine sediment and what those findings can mean when interpreted alongside symptoms, urine chemistry, kidney function tests, and other clinical information. Explore detailed guides to **red blood cells, white blood cells, epithelial cells, bacteria, yeast, mucus, and other microscopic urine findings**, including how contamination can affect results and when abnormal findings may require further testing. Learn how dysmorphic red blood cells and acanthocytes can provide clues about glomerular bleeding, while renal tubular epithelial cells may point toward injury within the kidney tubules. This category also covers the major types of **urinary casts**, including hyaline, granular, red blood cell, white blood cell, epithelial cell, fatty, waxy, broad, and mixed cellular casts. These findings can help distinguish patterns associated with dehydration, acute kidney injury, glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, interstitial nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, and advanced kidney damage. You will also find practical explanations of **urine crystals**, including calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid, struvite or triple phosphate, cystine, amorphous, cholesterol, bilirubin, drug-related, leucine, and tyrosine crystals. The guides explain how urine pH, hydration, diet, medications, infection, metabolic conditions, and stone-forming risk can influence crystal formation. Whether you are trying to understand an abnormal urinalysis, a urine sediment report, possible kidney disease, urinary infection, or kidney stone risk, these articles break down complex microscopy findings into clear, useful information and explain what follow-up testing may help put the result into context.